Sex And Disability An Open Minded Perspective From...

Rarely, do we find in society, the overlapping topic of sex and disability being discussed. In fact, it is hardly ever addressed because there is an underlying notion which seems to discourage such an open minded perspective from individuals. In fact, the topic of sexual intercourse itself is seemingly discouraged. However, why is that the case? Our society has been conformed to hold such restricted societal values; such that in a way, the desire for sex is shunned upon and confronted with negativity. There is also the implication of gender roles that ties into this subject. However, the subject becomes much more complex when the matter of disability ties in. Often times, those with disabilities are almost â€Å"hidden away† from topics such as†¦show more content†¦There is a discrete difference between the definition of sex and gender. Sex, is more so, the physical differences that is noted in the human anatomy. On the other hand, gender, more so addresses the ideali zed image that is often associated with the given sex. Women are â€Å"weak†. Men are â€Å"strong†. To further analyze and add on to this definition, in Rethinking Sex and Gender, Christine Delphy addresses the terms of which â€Å"the idea that gender is independent of sex has progressed.† She then goes on to state, â€Å"the aspect of ‘sex roles’ and sexual situations that are recognized to be socially constructed rather than biologically determined† (Delphy). The idea of sex roles has been socially constructed through our moral values, rather than it being biologically constructed. Yet, where do such sex roles attribute to those with long term disabilities? Often times, the physical or intellectual disability of individuals lead them to feel less of a boy or a girl. They feel like they don’t conform to the stereotypical image of the perfect male or female. There is a lack of association of being â€Å"feminine† or â€Å"mas culine† with their own identity. In 2014, a research was conducted of men with long- term conditions to study their feelings regarding their own identity. It was concluded that the â€Å"interviewees said that they want to be sexually active but feel as if their sexuality is ignored as they are ‘genderless’† (Learning Disability Practice).Show MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Employment Law On The Human Resources Arena927 Words   |  4 Pagesyears. However, treating people with respect and dignity is not a new concept. This biblical perspective focuses on Philemon. You may recall the plea Paul had for Onesimus in Philemon 1:8-9. In this passage, we hear about doing the right thing based on our love for one another. Forgetting the past and focusing on doing the right thing in the future is a key part of this lesson. Although we should learn from our past mistakes, it is important to use this information ethically and legally as we consultRead MoreWhat Is Wellness As A Quality And State Of Being Healthy1522 Words   |  7 Pagesdisease prevention program. Wellness programs have been incorporated into law in forms of exceptions to promote health and reduce costs associated with absenteeism, healthcare spending and insurance premiums. The author of the article â€Å"Critical Perspective on Wellness† published in Journal of health politics, policy and law in 2014, argues that today’s workplace wellness programs give provision for discrimination. Moreover, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act further facilitate discriminatoryRead MoreDefinition Of Wellness As A Quality And State Of Being Healthy1511 Words   |  7 Pagesdisease prevention programs. Wellness programs have been incorporated into law in forms of exceptions to promote health and reduce costs associated with abse nteeism, healthcare spending and insurance premiums. The author of the article â€Å"Critical Perspective on Wellness† published in Journal of health politics, policy and law in 2014, argues that today’s workplace wellness programs give provision for discrimination. Moreover, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act further facilitate discriminatoryRead MoreDemocratic Or Republican Essay1141 Words   |  5 PagesTexas from ten months for pursuing my further education. The place where I am currently dwelling i.e. 3225 West Walnut Hill Lane, Irving, Texas is numbered as district 16. 1 As per the research, I found that Don Huffines represents district 16 in the Texas senate. It is full of diverse population providing several opportunities to its citizens. 2 Around 846,307 people are living in district 16 in which 7.2% of the total population are below five years old, 17.1% belong to the age group from 5 to 17Read MoreThe Reality Of The Disabled1718 Words   |  7 PagesThe misconceptions about people who have disabilities and the sexuality of these people are what is sometimes the most disturbing in society. In the mainstream of society the disabled person is not viewed as a sexually capable person. Society has produced pictures and perceptions that are not conclusive with the actual state of sexuality within the disabled world of dating. It is easily noticed in the media and movies, as romantic roles are rarely given to the disabled, further making the perceptionsRead MoreNontraditional Casting944 Words   |  4 PagesNontraditional Casting Nontraditional casting is also known as colour-blind casting and integrated casting. Non-traditional casting is defined as the casting of ethnic minority and female actors in roles where race, ethnicity, or sex is not considered. Watching Hollywood movies, there is much diversity in a movie depending on what the genre is. Hollywood looks for actors that fit the physical and talent description directors are looking for. Hollywood work with what they only have, not based onRead MoreMy Journey Through My Life1521 Words   |  7 Pagesspecific individuals have all impacted my thinking. In the late 80’s I stayed in an all male residence {Field Hall} located on the Memorial University campus, a division of Queen’s College Anglican church. The academic aspect of university was a fraction of the complete university experience. Being an accepted and recognized member in our athletic residence was critical. Approximately 120+ people became your friends and part of your family. T he majority of the students were white Anglo-Saxons from ruralRead MoreCivil Rights in the United States1282 Words   |  6 Pagesleave us very narrow-minded? The media adds irrelevant detail to every situation. For example, a person’s race, which otherwise makes no difference, could be the topic of discussion while a news crew covers a crime. Another component to solving this dilemma is spreading word of a new set of civil rights to the next generation starting at a young age. If adults with young children start to tell their kids what is right and what is wrong, from a civil rights perspective, from a young age, they willRead MoreQueer : The Queer Nation Manifesto1973 Words   |  8 Pagessociety with regards to sexuality. The point of the Manifesto is to evoke a passionate response from the queer community by breaking free of the chains that repress any sexuality or sexual desire that is not heterosexual, and demanding to be treated just like any other member of the general public. The first step to fighting back is to â€Å"be proud. Do whatever you need to do to tear yourself away from your customary state of acceptance. Be free. Shout (Shout it!, Queer Nation Manifesto).† This isRead MoreDiversity Analysis And Reflection On Diversity Essay2454 Words   |  10 PagesThe purpose of reflecting on others diversity presentation is to allow us students to learn how we compare to others and how we differ from others in the aspect of the internal and external dimensions. This summary will reflect the dimensions of religion, sexual orientation/identity, and disability. Others presentations allow us to be informed on other perspective per these dimensions. Not any two people in the world are complet ely the same. Everyone goes through life differently and many times some

HIPPA and the Privacy of Medical Records Essay - 1349 Words

HIPPA and the Privacy of Medical Records Previously, healthcare information has been protected by state law. However, since this information crosses state lines, the need for federal protection has been warranted. In 1996, Congress passed the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). HIPAA provides the first federal protection for the privacy of medical records (Burke Weill, 2005) HIPPA encourages the use of electronic medical record and the sharing of medical records between healthcare providers, because it can aid in saving lives. HIPAA requires that patients have some knowledge of the use of their medical records and must be notified in writing of their providers privacy policy. HIPAA has technical†¦show more content†¦With the increase in technology, it has become easy for physicians to transfer medical data via fax and computer. HIPAA encourages electronic transactions, but requires new guidelines to protect the security and confidentiality of health information. According to HIPAA, trans ferring patients medical data to anyone without consent is illegal. A major goal of the Privacy Rule is to assure that individuals health information is protected properly while allowing health information that is needed to provide a quality of service to people who need it. Although the healthcare field is diverse, the Rule is flexible and covers a wide range of uses and disclosures that need to be addressed (Burke Weill, 2005). In a large service-related Healthcare organization with the staff to patient ratio approximately 1:100, there is a greater threat by technology of breaching security records. Medical records include information about ones physical and mental being. They may contain information about ones relationship with family members, sexual behavior, drug or alcohol problems and HIV status ( Burke Weill, 2005). The confidentiality is threatened when the medical records information is put on the Internet, by use of telemedicine, and by the use of e-mail by healthcare workers. Although this is the fastest way to store and shareShow MoreRelatedMedical Professionals Should Always Value A Patient s Ethical Right833 Words   |  4 PagesMedical professionals should always value a patient’s ethical right to privacy and confidentiality. Under the HIPPA law, there are still concerns with the protection of patient privacy; therefore, healthcare professionals must confront the growing technological environment and find ways to increase access security, as well as discipline employees that violate a patient’s privacy. 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Jim Philips sends Memorial Hospital an original authorization that is signed and dated by Karen Munstrom. The authorization, addressed to your hospital, includes the dates of the records requested. The authorization does not state the type or subject of the information to be disclosed. The records of Ms. MunstromRead MoreThe Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act817 Words   |  4 Pages This journal entry is a reflection of research on the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA). Enacted by Congress in 1996, HIPPA was created to â€Å"modernize health information exchange† (Solove, 2013). For the consumer, HIPPA sets rules which protect the privacy of health information, to be followed by health care providers and insurance companies. It also gives consumers rights over their health information, such as obtaining a copy, making sure it is accurate, and to knowRead MoreHipaa Security Rule And Privacy Rule1107 Words   |  5 PagesAn overview of the HIPAA Security Rule and Privacy Rule On February 20th 2003 the HIPAA security rule was published by (HHS) the Department of Health and Human Services. Entities with small health plans were given over three years to comply with the security rule, while the larger entities had two years from the publications original date to comply. The HIPAA security rule is the same as it has been since its implementation more than 10 years ago. On January 25, 2013 the act was amended by the OmnibusRead MoreAdministrative Ethics Paper (Hcs-335)1063 Words   |  5 PagesPaper HCS-335 Week 4/ day 7 There are many issues that may arise concerning patient privacy. Years ago it was not a pacific law protecting patient rights and privacy. In august of 1996, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) were signed into law by President Bill Clinton (Physicians Billing Associates International, 2006). The HIPPA Act includes provisions for: †¢ Health insurance portability †¢ Fraud and abuse control †¢ Tax related provisions Read MoreThe Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act1416 Words   |  6 Pagesand Accountability Act, or HIPPA, began in 1996 when a legal mandate was issue by Congress to protect the ethical principles and confidentiality of patient information (Burkhardt Nathaniel, 2014). Prior to this legislation, employees were not protected between jobs. Waste, fraud and abuse in health insurance and healthcare delivery was prevalent. The need to protect the rights of the patient was needed but also the Act contained passages to promote the use of medical savings accounts by introducingRead MoreHippa Violation1569 Words   |  7 PagesHIPPA Violation Sarah Joss Rasmussen College Author Note This research paper is being submitted on March 3th, 2013, for Milo Sampson’s M230/HSC2641 Section 04 - Medical Law and Ethics class. HIPPA Violation – Privacy Rule Thesis: Preventing violations of the HIPAA Privacy Rule greatly impacts any health care professional, specifically patient information as it relates to a pharmacy and its entire staff. Ever wonder what the acronym HIPAA stands for, how it relates to health care professionalsRead MoreThe Importance Of A Better Care System For The Modern Age Of E Health Within The Online Medical And Public Domains1514 Words   |  7 Pages HIPPA REQUIRED BY LAW Instructor: Laura Aagesen By Charles H Price Jr CTUonline.edu 04/18/2015 HIPPA REQUIRED BY LAW. Attention: all management staff and employees recently the corporate office contacted our offices in regards to CEO Chief Executive Officer Beranger, †HIPAA Health Information Portability and Accountability Act information request, she is requesting research information from us on the topic. Her plans include moving the health care organization toward the modernRead MoreAdministrative Ethics1083 Words   |  5 PagesSorensen HCS/335 August 19, 2012 Christine Singel Administrative Ethics Patient privacy is the responsibility of the medical organization that treats the patient. Patients have the right to have their medical issues kept private from people that do not need to know the information. The federal government has created the HIPPA policy to help medical organizations understand and follow rules to protect the privacy of the patients that come to the organization. It is important for the organization

Amidst the pages of Tennessee Williams play, A St Essay Example For Students

Amidst the pages of Tennessee Williams play, A St Essay Amidst the pages of Tennessee Williams play, A Streetcar Named Desire,countless opinions and themes can be speculated upon. This can be said asWilliams is noted for his great ability to create believable characters. Several themes present in Streetcar are the dependency on men, fragilityof women, and distorted senses of reality. One of the main characters,Blanche Dubois, plays a key role in the development of many of theserecurring themes. From the very beginning of the movie a very noticeable characteristicis apparent about Blanche Dubois. Looking to transfer onto the nextstreetcar she is aided by a young man. The pleased look on her face and herresulting manner makes known to the audience that she likes the attentiongiven by men. Following scenes then reveal just how much she seems to cravethe attention as well as affections of men. While comments draw Blanche Dubois as a nymphomaniac, it can be arguedthat perhaps her behavior was not necessarily so compulsive. In a letter toTennessee Williams theatre actress Jessica Tandy, who played Blanche, wrotein response to said argument. I have tried to make clear Blanches intricate and complicatedcharacter- her background- her pathetic elegance- her innatetenderness and honesty- her untruthfulness or manipulation of thetruth- her inevitable tragedy. (Costanzo 32)So with these traps it is emphasized to what lengths Blanche will goto capture a man. Having to put so much effort into her act also shows thedesperate need she has for the affections and ultimately the protection shefeels she will regain from being with a man. This is brought out even morein her relationship with Mitch. She sees him as an opportunity. Essentially, the homosexual affair of her husband and his subsequentsuicide, has shattered her sense of self-worth. Dave Huong in his analysisstates, She clung to the notion that if she can depend on someone, she canavoid the feeling of being unlovable, which she associated with beingsingle.Corresponding with Blanches issues of male dependency is therepresentation of her women as whole- as being fragile. From the outsetBlanche is portrayed as seemingly delicate, plagued by the tragic death ofher husband. The memory of that event affects her so deeply it weakens herphysically. After she suffers a barrage of questions from Stanley she says,I think Im going to be sick (Scene 4). Blanche herself even admits thatshe is worn out when she comments, I am soft. I am fading now. I dontknow how much longer I can turn the trick (Scene 16). Since her womans charm was her way of attracting men, the loss ofher youth and beauty no doubt signified the eventual demise of Blanche as apersona. At one point she urges her sister Stella (who equally dependent onmen) to leave Stanley and his abusiveness while she contacted her past beauShep Huntleigh for financial support (Sparknotes). Finally, once she isdiscovered of her numerous rendezvous with many men, Blanche goes intopractical hysterics when Mitch scathingly tells her, Youre not cleanenough to bring in the house with my mother (Scene 23). Being simplydependent on the kindness of strangers meant a total breakdown in herability to share true love with anyone and finally, her own sanity. Following Mitchs rejection Blanche is seemingly at a loss at what todo. Having put all her efforts in attaining a man to save her shes leftwith only her means of entrapment- illusion. Even before her mentalbreakdown Blanche thrives on her ability to deceive though at firstharmlessly. Blanche has survived all this years by being an impersonatorextraordinaire (Costanzo 72) She admits to Stanley once he is not overcomebuy her Hollywood glamour, I know I fib a great deal. After all, 50% ofa womans charm is illusion (Scene 5). It is interesting to note howinconsequential her lies are to her, by the way she describes with wordssuch as charm and fib.Along with using illusion as means to attract men she also uses it tolie to herself. Her practically obsessive desire to keep away from brightlights denotes her inability to accept truth, and certainly not to copewith it. Instead, she hides herself, just as she hides the light bulb inthe apartment with a lamp shade. In scene 11, her comment I c ant stand anaked light bulb, could be directed towards herself- she hates knowingwhat she has become, and so drapes herself in finery in hopes of disguisingher fall from grace. .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f , .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f .postImageUrl , .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f , .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f:hover , .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f:visited , .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f:active { border:0!important; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f:active , .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u26892428ed1d91a3fb0e924140e86e1f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Marketing research for augusti EssayHowever, Blanches world of pretend is not isolated- she involvesothers, and thus, her world cannot be sustained with their harsh realities. During her confrontation with Mitch, and once cornered, she makes an evenbolder confession. I dont want realism. I want magic! Yes, yes, magic! I try togive that to people. I misrepresent things to them. I dont telltruth, I tell what ought to be truth. And if that is sinful, then letme be damned for it . Completely devoted to her life of illusion and distorted reality,Blanche makes one of her stronger affirmations in the movie. In comparingBlanches total delusion with Stanleys insistent in naked truth Costanzosays:Throughout the movie we watch the fixed unglossed bestiality ofBrandos Stanley pitted against the ever-shifting faced of Blanche. Unlike the raw corporeality of Stanley, Leighs Blanche amorphouslydons a series of masks, as she conjures persona after persona, as sheconstructs character after character. (72)Blanche has survived this way, and as the woman with the flowers forthe dead chimes her imminent demise, she is trapped, no longer able to runfrom the truth. Then, acting as a catalyst, Stanley violates her with thetruth- she is helpless, and has not a prince on a white horse. All the points hence can, with some speculation, be consideredcredible themes to Williams A Streetcar Named Desire. And yet,still more will come about while the plays spectacular humanityendears itself to the kindness of strangers.

Introduction to Law Contract Essay Example

Introduction to Law Contract Essay Public, private, private members and hybrid bills are all forms of what eventually becomes primary legislation also referred to as an Act of Parliament. Like many proposed laws and law changes primary legislation starts life as a white paper, this is a statement of policy from the government. These white papers are often subject to scrutiny in the House of Commons before being introduced as a bill at the first reading. Once the bill has been introduced it will pass through both the House of Commons and the House of Lords for consideration. At the second reading it is open to debate but cannot be amended. If the bill is passed at this stage it then moves through a number of committees in the House of Commons whole house, standing and select committee. At these committees the bill can be debated and amended before moving onto the report and third reading stages. If approved at both of these stages the bill will then be presented to the Queen for Royal Assent. This is the final stage of law making and Royal Assent confirms the bill as an Act of Parliament and at this stage it becomes statute. Judges are required to apply primary legislation in court cases without exception, but can use their interpretation of the legislation where applicable. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Law Contract specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Law Contract specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to Law Contract specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Delegated legislation is a term used to describe laws and regulations made by authorised bodies or persons such as ministers or local authorities using powers bestowed on it by an Act of Parliament. Each item of delegated legislation is usually known as a statutory instrument but the Queen by Order in Council can make some delegated legislation. This is often the case in time of emergency i.e. to impose sanctions. Byelaws are made by delegated legislation but generally operate only in the locality of their creation. Delegated legislations can be challenged either in court through judicial review or as part of the defence. One of the reasons to challenge may be because the legislation is deemed to be ultra vires, or beyond the powers of the body or institution that passed the legislation originally. Judicial precedent is the process by which judges can use the decisions of previous cases as the authority for the basis of their decision, as long as there is sufficient likeness in the facts. There are some key principles that should be followed when using judicial precedent. All courts are bound to follow the decisions of a higher court. This is known as stare decisis to stand by the decided. The binding principle of judicial precedent is ratio decidendi the reason of the decision. This is a statement by the judge of the legal principles being applied in the case and it is only this statement that gives ratio decidendi. If there has been no previous precedent set then a judge may declare the law and an original precedent is set. This may then be used in later cases as the precedent. Legislation formed in the European Community comes in the form of regulations and directives made by the Council of Ministers of the EU made up of government ministers from member states or the Commission, which is made up of senior officials from the member states. EU Legislation focuses on a wide range of issues such as trade, agriculture, social policy, employment and the environment. European Union legislation drawn up by a member of the European Parliament and is proposed by the Commission before being discussed and voted on by the Parliamentary committee. Sensitive issues such as agriculture, social policy and taxation need to be agreed unanimously by the Council of Ministers in order to be passed but a system known as Quality Majority Voting is used to decide the majority of issues. Each member state has an allocation of votes according to its size and population. As long as at least half of the member states and at least half of the EU population are in agreement, the legislation can be passed. Issues decided by unanimity do not need to be agreed by the European Parliament but its advice can be sought and in some instances the legislation cannot be passed until the advice or opinion of the Parliament has been sought. The European Communities Act 1972 gives the UK governing party the ability to change existing legislation to reflect new European legislation. All of the forms of law previously mentioned are intrinsically linked in various ways. When a judge is presiding over a case in a UK court he must absolutely abide by primary legislation as this the highest form of law in the land. Coupled with this he must consider delegated legislation but the ability to challenge is available if the legislation is considered to be outside the jurisdiction of the body or institution that created the legislation in the first place. This is known as ultra vires. Depending on the level of the courts hierarchy at which the case is being heard, judicial precedent can come into effect if the material facts of the case being heard are close enough to that of a previous case in which a judgement has been set. An inferior court in the hierarchy must abide by the decision made previously if it was made in a superior court. Alternatively, if the precedent was set in an inferior court to the current one, the judge may make a new decision and this becomes the new precedent for future use. The European Communities Act 1972 gives the UK government the ability to change existing legislation to reflect new European legislation or to ensure that any areas of incompatibility are aligned. This effectively means that all European regulations and directives can be considered in a UK court of law and so sit alongside all UK legislation. Distinguish between an offer and an invitation to treat. An offer can be described as a statement by which the offeror (person making the offer) promises to be bound so long as the terms of the offer are accepted by the offeree (person accepting the offer). When an individual or a company makes an offer it can be made to another individual, a group of persons or to absolutely anyone in the world (Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co Ltd (1893)). In simple terms, an offer is predominantly in the form of a question Will you buy this item for à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½xx? A positive decision made by an individual to pay the stated price for the item results in an acceptance of the offer and therefore a contract is formed. However, this is not always the case. In some cases an offer is preceded by an invitation to treat. An invitation to treat is the initial stage at which an individual or a company (invitor) indicate that they are willing to enter into a contract or agreement but that the terms of that contract or are yet to be determined. Some of the ways in which the invitor can invite offers include:- 1. Displays of goods in stores this merely shows what items are available and on which offers can be made (Pharmaceutical Society of GB v Boots Cash Chemists Ltd (1952)). 2. Advertising the advert is acting as a shop window to all intents and purposes. As the advertiser may only have a finite amount of stock they could only possibly have intended the advert to be an invitation to treat (Partridge v Crittenden (1968)). Where the advertiser is making a promise, such as a reward, this could be classed as a unilateral agreement and therefore distinguished as an offer as no further negotiation is intended (Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co Ltd (1893)). 3. Tenders a tender is an invitation to provide goods or services for a price. The person or persons inviting the tenders will then choose a bid that suits their requirements. Until the person inviting the tender has made a decision to accept a tender there is no contract formed (Spencer v Harding (1870)). 4. Auctions the lots or items displayed are the invitation to treat. Any bids made by individuals or companies are offers and the auctioneer may decide to accept or reject such offers (Payne v Cave (1789)). In summary, an offer is a promise by an offeree to enter into a binding agreement, assuming all terms specified by the offeror are accepted. An invitation to treat is the stage prior to an offer in most cases and simply shows willingness by the invitor that they are prepared to enter into negotiations, which may or may not lead to an offer and subsequent acceptance. When two parties have come to a contract or rather what appears, on the face of it, to be a contract the fact that one party is mistaken as to the identity of another does not mean that there is no contract, or that the contract is a nullity and void from the beginning, per Lord Denning MR in Lewis v Averay (1972). How far is the above statement a true reflection of the law? In order to claim a case of mistaken identity there must be at least one of two principles proven. Firstly, the party alleging the mistake must show that he has confused the other party with someone else. In addition, he must be able to show that he had a reason to wish to deal with the intended person. Secondly, the party alleging the mistake must be able to show that he had made reasonable attempts to establish the identity of the party with whom they were intending to form a contract. For a contract to be voided void ab initio, from the beginning, it must be rescinded before the rogue passes the property on to a third party. If this is not the case then the rogue has good title to the property and can pass on the property with good title. In the case of Lewis v Averay (1972) the identity of the rogue was not apparent until after the attempted cashing of the cheque so the rogue had good title throughout the transaction (Phillips v Brooks (1919). The only way Lewis could have voided the transaction would have been to inform the police that the fraud had taken place prior to the goods being passed on and that would have rendered the contract voided. Had Lewis taken further steps at the outset to establish the identity of the rogue he may have been successful in his claim (Ingram v Little (1960)). According to Lord Denning MR in Lewis v Averay (1972), Mr Lewis was only questioning the creditworthiness of the rogue when asking him for identification and therefore the contract was already formed and valid. Receipts had been written and exchanged, along with the cheque. The issue of the identity of the rogue only came to light when Lewis tried to cash the cheque. Because the contract was not voided prior to the property changing hands, the third party (in this case Averay) has acquired good title to the property (Phillips v Brooks (1919)). Had the rogue not sold the property on to a third party the contract would have been between the rogue and Lewis so therefore the contract would have been voidable for fraudulent misrepresentation (Lake v Simmons (1927)). This area of the law is subject to debate among many judges but they all do seem to agree that the case of mistaken identity is classed as a unilateral mistake and the effect on the contract is to void it. However, this only true when the person who makes the mistake was actually intending to form a contract with a specific person and for a specific reason (Cundy v Lindsay (1878)). When the person makes a mistake about the identity of the person in his presence (whether misrepresented or not) but was willing to form a contract with the person in his presence, then the law states that the contract is valid (Phillips v Brookes (1919) Lewis v Averay (1972)).

The Dangerous Allure of the 70

The Dangerous Allure of the 70 Problem Identification In everything that one sets to do, there is need to ensure that it is done in the expected manner. Acting within expectation is what defines an accomplished worker from an ineffective individual.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on The Dangerous Allure of the 70-Hour Workweek specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Because of the increasing demand in every sector of the economy, there is always the need to work beyond the planned timeline. It would be appropriate that the workforce appreciates the importance of this. However, a crop of individuals has developed a character that is very dangerous to their well-being. These individuals work in excess of 70 hours per week. Some go beyond this to work for about 100 hours a week. Hewlett and Luce (2006) note with concern that some go overboard to work for a record 120 hours a week. Although it is a sure way of becoming rich, the practice comes with some s erious consequences. Such individuals, irrespective of their gender, put their health at risk. Cunningham (2000) cautions that taking much time without rest and exercise makes the body vulnerable to various health complications. Besides this, an individual who does not allocate his time appropriately between work and family would create an environment where their families would lose touch with him or her. Another concern that this current trend has is the inability to manage other social duties. Individuals who take almost all their available time on career related issues may find themselves being social misfits in the society. Cunningham (2000) observes that they may excel in their offices and workplaces but may not be in a position to respond to other social concerns.Advertising Looking for case study on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Situation Analysis The current generation worker force is indus trious and is always determined to accomplish duties at hand before the set time so that they get into other duties. However, the situation as it stands now is very dangerous. Many executives are working beyond the normal set time. This trend cuts across professions and sectors of the economy. As one climbs the career ladder, the need to do more than the normal duty increases. It is understandable that the current corporate world is placing a lot of pressure on few selected individuals in their quest for a leaner workforce. However, it is not appropriate that one is allocated duties that would completely make him or her lack time at all for the family. Giddens (2009) says that some duties would turn an individual into a zombie. One works without the realization that there is a family to take care of. This has seen many families break. Some spouses may not withstand a scenario where they are not given any time with their partners. This explains in part the reason behind the recent ri se of single parenthood, especially among the corporate men and women. Children who find themselves in such situations grow up to be very irresponsible. They lack parental care that every child would require for a normal growth. Other than the social consequences, one exposes himself or herself to many health risks by taking much of his or her time on various duties related to their career. As Hewlett and Luce (2006) report, some people would work in excess of 120 hours in a week. On average, this leaves an individual with approximately six hours per day to commute, eat, and socialize. This on average leaves an individual with about two to three hours to sleep. As Andrzej and Buchaman (2007) observe, it is important that an individual sleep for at least six hours a day. Taking two hours to sleep would make one develop serious health complications. Coupled with the fact that in some of the cases an individual may take most of the time seated, one would be exposed to both physical and mental dangers. If the body were not given time to relax and exercise, then it would fatigue and develop complications that would be avoided if proper measures were taken.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on The Dangerous Allure of the 70-Hour Workweek specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Recommendation It is recommended that one should make an effort to ensure that his or her responsibility is undertaken within the right time and with precision that is expected. However, it would not be appropriate if one engages in duties that cause total neglect to the family. One’s career is important but it should not be overemphasized at the expense of the family. There should be a balance between the two. Below are some of the ways in which one can ensure that he or she strikes a balance between social issues and job related duties. Planning is the main tool that an individual can use to ensure that he or she balances so cial duties and work. An individual should take time to lay down duties before him or her. The individual can then look at the time available to achieve the obligations. The individual should allocate time to each work in a way that would still allow him or her to obtain some time to be back to the family and meet some other social obligations. The planning would help an individual know the amount of time that would be required to meet various obligations. After making the plan, it is highly advisable that such an individual strictly sticks to it so that no obligation is given more time than was planned. Although this may force one to take lesser time at workplace, it is the only way of managing the attention needed at work and at home. Taking duties that are within one’s scope is another technique that can be applied to manage time. It is good to be ambitious. However, there is need for one to understand his or her scope. It is important that an individual appreciate his or her limits beyond which working will be strenuous. After this realization, it would be necessary that the individual take duties that are within his scope. It would help in avoiding circumstances where one is forced to work beyond the limits, forcing one to shelve time that would be spent with the family.Advertising Looking for case study on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The family is just as important as the career. As one aspires to achieve the best out of his or her career, it is important to note that the family also has a place. Neglecting one’s career would be dangerous as it may lead to poor yields, a fact that may lead to consequences that one could not have prepared for at work place. Similarly, assuming the family would lead to lose of touch between the parent and the family. Children need parental attention in order to develop normally. If this is reality is not identified, such children may develop to be irresponsible individuals in society who are not what the parents would have expected them to be. References Andrzej, A., Buchaman, A. (2007). Organizational Behavior. London: Prentice Hall. Cunningham, B. (2000). The stress management sourcebook. Los Angeles: Free Press. Giddens, A. (2009). The consequences of modernity. Malden: Blackwell Publishers. Hewlett, A., Luce, C. (2006). Extreme Jobs: The Dangerous Allure of the 70-Hou r Workweek. Harvard Business Publishing Corporation.

You Need a Platform as You Dive Into Writing

You Need a Platform as You Dive Into Writing What is a writer’s platform? There are as many definitions as there are experts. In the past, an author’s platform was his reputation (titles, expertise, and past awards). Now Nathan Bransford defines a platform â€Å"as the number of eyeballs you can summon as you promote your book† (http://blog.nathanbransford.com/2010/09/what-platform-means-for-writers.html). I suspect he’s right, because â€Å"tell-alls† of disgraced, shallow celebrities sell better than well-written memoirs of less famous, heroic individuals. Platforms sell books. What can you do to build this nebulous entity called a platform? You need a website, blog, and/or a newsletter. Let’s be honest: Most of us electronically reach mainly other authors, who are too busy to read our thoughts as they scramble to build their own platforms. What can you do to make your written electronic communications more effective? A few points seem obvious but are often overlooked: 1) Sound bites apply to writing. Short, frequent communications are more effective than longer ones. 2) Most readers and search engines only scan articles. Keywords and tag lines are important. The free Google Ad Words Keywords Tool and similar services can help you sharpen your selection of tags. 3) Cooperation pays. Guest blogs expand your audience, i.e. platform. Public speaking and media appearances are other key elements in building a platform. I know from past experience that drumming up a crowd for a presentation at most libraries takes more than posters plastered around town and a couple event announcements in a local newspaper. Here are ideas that worked: ==One author mentioned a certain brand of wine repeatedly in his novel, then held a book signing at the winery. ==I speak at libraries on â€Å"Science in Your Fiction† not my novels per se. I answer questions like: Could scientists now create a Jurassic Park? Are there real invisibility cloaks? I do this because I was a

Organisational and Stakeholder Ethical Considerations Living under a Case Study

Organisational and Stakeholder Ethical Considerations Living under a Cloud - Case Study Example Ethical Organisational Culture Approach One of the approaches to analyse the case is through ethical organisation culture. Alvesson (2002, pp. 4) states that organisational culture refers to those shared rules that guide cognitive and behavioural aspects of membership to an organisation and the avenues through which they are developed and expressed hence a system of shared symbols and meanings. Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell (2010, pp. 17) state that the concept of ethical culture in an organisation means the values and norms that an organisation puts forward as appropriate conduct to guide its employees in decision making process in determining whether their response to ethical issues is right or wrong. In this approach, the formal and informal efforts developed by an organisation to guide its operations in respect to being ethical are analysed. The organisation under study here is Xstrata which we can establish that it has in the first place failed to tame its mining process emissi ons that have the potential of causing lead-poisoning to the surrounding community; â€Å"Homes, gardens and waterways have been contaminated, and a recent study found that more than one-tenth of young children have high levels of lead in their blood† (Marks 2009). ... Body, another resident, indicates that the firm has also failed to take responsibility of the poisoning claiming that the natural environment is the source. As Trevino and Nelson (2010, pp. 157) indicate it is the responsibility of the top management to guide organisations in the direction of ethical culture, something that is largely missing in Xstrata. Instead the management strives to shun ethics hence the rest of the firm follows suit (158). The leadership at Xstrata can be regarded as unethical since their cover-up actions and lack of responsibility indicate weakness in morality (161). This analysis indicates that the top management at Xstrata has failed to pursue ethical leadership; in one situation, an employee whose views on the source of lead pollution is contradictory to theirs, they let the interviewer know that the employee is presenting his personal views rather than what the firm stands for hence showing unethical leadership which is mutually exclusive with ethical orga nisational culture. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and stakeholder theories Approach Examining the CSR issues in Xstrata’s case is another way of analysing the case. Bueble (2009, pp. 5) is of the view that CSR refers to the strategy through which organisations achieve their commercial objectives in a manner that takes into consideration ethical values and respects individuals, communities and the environment. The stakeholder theory is a concept in CSR that maintains that organisations have responsibility and obligation towards constituent groups within the society (groups that may benefit or be harmed by organisational operations) other than

Mini case study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mini case study - Assignment Example to as â€Å"essential and enduring tenets† that help define the company and are â€Å"not to be compromised for financial gain or short term expediency,† (DesJardins, 2006, p. 5). It is evident from the definition given above that it is unethical to exploit women in promoting beauty products for financial gain. For instance, the aspect of stereotyping beauty has caused severe pressure on women who try hard to change their appearance in order to suit the ideal model of a beautiful woman. Claiming that certain beauty products would make women look more beautiful unethical since it causes more negative impacts than positive gains especially on the consumers. This leads to social unrest where some women would end up looking down upon themselves and try to imitate the beauty stereotypes. Enlightened firms should encourage their managers to be socially responsible and seek ways to protect the long-run interests of their consumers (Kotler & Armstrong, 2010). In other words, presenting other beauty products as ideal for women causes unnecessary social unrest among the targeted audiences and this practice in business is unethical. 2. In my opinion, I think there should be no standardized approach to defining beauty within the international advertising and fashion industry. First and foremost, beauty is natural and there can be no universal yardstick that can be used to measure it. Each individual human being has his or her own expectations of what constitute beauty and this cannot be contested. The issue of beauty mainly emanates from opinionated views of different individuals which cannot be standardised. The other reason is that we all come from different backgrounds and there are different races across the globe. For instance, there are whites, Indians, Chinese, black as well as Arabic races women from these groups significantly differ. By virtue of the fact that we come from different races, it can be seen that it is impossible to have a universally agreed standard

Advantages and disadvantages of Home-working Essay Example for Free

Advantages and disadvantages of Home-working Essay Most of organizations use ICT for their work. Using ICT has increase the pace of organizations by a huge factor as well as helping in many other ways. However, everything has its disadvantages as well as advantages; the disadvantages of using ICT is developing some physical diseases, increased chances of fraud through ICT, etc. Day by day, new technologies are exploited and new ways of using ICT is introduced to people. One of the changes that can be brought to an editing company is to increase the amount of home-working. Increasing home-working will have many positive effects on the organization as well as some bad. If home-working is increased, the staff will have an opportunity of preparing their ergonomics just the way they want it to be. This will provide the staff with a more comfortable environment, and a better status of the brain; this way the staff can be more active and contribute more to their job. The other benefit of increasing home-working is that the risk of hacking and fraud of the data is reduced. If the staff member does most of his/her work at home, this means that he stores it in his own personal area. If someone broke up into the company, they wont be able to find that information, because it is not stored in the companys ICT. If home-working is increased, the staff member will be able to do his/her work whenever, wherever he/she wants; this wont give them a hard time trying to show up in the office on time. It will also help reduce transport. The members can do the work from home and will not need to go to their office. The reduction in transport is proven helpful for the environment. The disadvantages of increasing home-working are that the worker should be a responsible person. Many people will not do something unless they are forced to. If the employee of an organization is an irresponsible person, home-working will shows a decrease in productivity of an organization. The staff member should be able to differentiate between their personal life and work life to be able to have as successful life. The other disadvantage of home-working is that the employee is independent while working; this might raise a temptation of not working in them since there is no boss to tell them to do the work. Also, the boss would not know which employee is more productive than others, therefore they wont be able to reward, or penalize any of the employees. Keeping to the deadlines is very important. If given a task to complete by a certain date, it will be the responsibility of the employee to manage their time and have the task done by the deadline. However there is no guarantee that something wont go wrong. Maybe for example, losing all the data due to some technical or software error in the computer. There might even be some kind of a physical damage to the machinery which will delay the task. But being away from the employers sight, it might be difficult to prove that such an incident had really take place.

Hydrolysis of Oxoanions :: essays research papers

Hydrolysis of Oxoanions Nonmetals in positive oxidation states do not exist in aqueous solution as cations but rather as hydroxides or oxides. These species often act as oxo acids which ionize to form oxoanions in solution. The general form of an oxoanion is MOxy-. Since these oxoanions are quite different in their properties, Z2/r ratios for nonmetal cations do not give accurate predictions of their chemical behavior. A different approach is needed to determine what these elements will do when they are dissolved in water. Oxo Anion Hydrolysis Like cations, oxoanions are hydrated in aqueous solution. In this case the electrostatic attraction is between the electron pairs on the oxoanion oxygen atoms and the partially positive hydrogen atoms of the water molecule. The hydration of oxoanions is an exothermic process. The hydration energy is dependent on the charge and size of the oxoanion. Hydration energies increase with increasing charge and decreasing anion size. As with cations, if the interaction between the anion and the hydrogen of the water is sufficiently strong, the hydrogen can be removed from the water generating a hydroxide ion resulting in a basic solution. MOxy- + H2O [MO(x-1)OH](y-1)- + OH- The equilibrium constant for this reaction is the base ionization constant, Kb. Base ionization constants are tabulated as pKbs. Successive ionizations are listed as pKb1, pKb2, etc. The larger the pKb value the lesser the degree of ionization and the weaker base the oxoanion is. When determining the acidities of metal cations, three variable are important -- charge, size and electronegativity of the cation. When determining the basicity of an oxo anion, the size of the nonmetal atom (or high oxidation state metal atom) is not relevant. This central metal atom is significantly smaller than the multiple oxygen atoms in the anion. Therefore, different central atoms bearing the same number of oxygens will be very close in size. Effect of Charge on Basicity Increasing charge on an anion increases its tendency to hydrolyze and form basic solutions. pKb Values For Some Oxoanions Anion pKb1 pKb2 pKb3 H3AsO4 10.5 6.8 1.5 H3PO4 11.88 6.8 2 H2SeO3 11.43 7.4 H4GeO4 5.41 1 The table above shows that the pKb values of an oxoanion decrease by 4-5 units for each additional negative charge on the anion. Thus, increasing the negative charge substantially increases the anion's basicity. Effect of Number of Oxygen Groups Since most nonmetals exhibit more than one oxidation state, they can form oxoanions that differ in the number of oxygens bonded to the metal.

Money Makes the World Go Round Essay

Money Makes the World Go Round Essay Student Submitted Essay – Want our site version, give us a call today! In year 1960, there was a musical play happened named as â€Å"Cabaret† where this quotation â€Å"Money makes the world go round† introduced first. In that play, there was a song sung by female lead actress where she expresses her love and the male actor reply with this quotation. This line implies that money makes the world turn and society highly dependent on the money. â€Å"Success† is generally interpreted as meaning material achievement; the more the cash the more effective one is. This incorporates the measure of cash one procures, the sort of auto he drives or the span of his home. The basic meaning of the above quotation is that without money world would stop and it is true to some extent as without money people cannot afford shelter, nor food. Let’s explore further, does the money makes the world go round? If you have money, various options or doors gets opened for a person. The importance of money becomes even more important when you have zero or no money. For example, someone poor will do anything for money so that they can at least fulfill their basic needs. Money empowers us to bear the cost of a superior personal satisfaction; more cash implies greater and better cars and luxurious houses, better quality items, better amusement and so on. Another favorable position is less worry for paying bills and other family costs. Money may likewise enable a man to pursue their fantasies, for instance a man who needs to accomplish advanced education will be unable to do it without money. The above quotation was explained in various places such as in one of the Charles Dickens novel â€Å"A Christmas Carol† where it explained how love was pushed aside because of the money. In that novel one young man loves the girl and promised that he will be with her always but girl chooses the crooked businessman over that boys love because of money. The businessman has lot of money through which that girl can buy all the luxuries of the life. Be that as it may, as of late everybody has moved toward becoming utilization arranged. We need to purchase anything that is new and available and gets our advantage and we are falling prey to the alluring bundling and advertisements of an item. In this manner we purchase things that we have little requirement for which thus profits. Another example for this quotation is from book â€Å"the Great Gatsby† which was written by F.Scott Fitzgerald. In that book author mentioned what was the impact of money on Gatsby as he loves one girl a lot but unable to speak as she was very rich and wealthy. This states that money includes in each aspect of the live and it reflects in the person mannerism and voice. There are various instances where wealthy people think that because of money they can treat others as slaves and can do anything with them. Thus we can conclude that due to money person gets power to handle everything and others live. Another phase of money is that it can be a motivator which influences the activity of human from politics to geological exploration. The greed of the money makes the person evil, money is not evil. From various arguments I think that it’s not money that makes the world go round it’s us who created the money as monster and permitted it so that it can control and take over the lives of the person. Despite the fact that money has few significance in the lives as each part of the lives spins around the money, yet in the event that we attempted to be content with some we may not face those type of reliance. The assortment of the items that are confronted makes it exceptionally troublesome for us to get content with what they have. We people made money above our happiness and lives. Due to this money never completing pursuit made society very selfish. People used to forget that with money there are things which we cannot buy such as emotions, happiness, togetherness, sharing and many more. One of the Chinese proverbs explains it fantastically saying that money can buy a house but cannot make it a home. Money cannot buy good life, respect, and health, sleep and time knowledge. It can buy only the materialistic things but not the emotions or feelings. A person has lot of money in his/her bank amount but still be poor as he/she is not satisfied or not content in their lives. This notion can be supported by a small and sweet story in â€Å"A Christmas memory† by author Truman Capote. The story is based on a child who didn’t get anything on Christmas apart from kite and some worn outs and handed down but still that child is satisfied and enjoy the day with the kite. In the same book there was another example where a family was given lots of money to buy a new Christmas tree but they refused it as they attached with their old Christmas tree and have to celebrate the festival with that only. The above two examples reflects that the satisfaction and contentment are important and above money. People used to think that to become success we should have money whereas success is based on 8 factors: community, financial, spiritual, career, family, personal needs and health. Thus to become successful you have to get all the above 8 factors and not just financial stability. There are many cases where a wealthy person is not able to get good health and died and all his wealth are not sufficient to make him live. Thus, it can straightaway say that all the wealth is not sufficient to save the live and it will be left behind after the person. The only thing which will be remembered are the good deeds, good behavior and the words a person speaks. If you need us to modify or need references for this Essay, please reach out to us today. Money Makes the World Go Round Essay Money Makes the World Go Round Essay Student Submitted Essay – Want our site version, give us a call today! In year 1960, there was a musical play happened named as â€Å"Cabaret† where this quotation â€Å"Money makes the world go round† introduced first. In that play, there was a song sung by female lead actress where she expresses her love and the male actor reply with this quotation. This line implies that money makes the world turn and society highly dependent on the money. â€Å"Success† is generally interpreted as meaning material achievement; the more the cash the more effective one is. This incorporates the measure of cash one procures, the sort of auto he drives or the span of his home. The basic meaning of the above quotation is that without money world would stop and it is true to some extent as without money people cannot afford shelter, nor food. Let’s explore further, does the money makes the world go round? If you have money, various options or doors gets opened for a person. The importance of money becomes even more important when you have zero or no money. For example, someone poor will do anything for money so that they can at least fulfill their basic needs. Money empowers us to bear the cost of a superior personal satisfaction; more cash implies greater and better cars and luxurious houses, better quality items, better amusement and so on. Another favorable position is less worry for paying bills and other family costs. Money may likewise enable a man to pursue their fantasies, for instance a man who needs to accomplish advanced education will be unable to do it without money. The above quotation was explained in various places such as in one of the Charles Dickens novel â€Å"A Christmas Carol† where it explained how love was pushed aside because of the money. In that novel one young man loves the girl and promised that he will be with her always but girl chooses the crooked businessman over that boys love because of money. The businessman has lot of money through which that girl can buy all the luxuries of the life. Be that as it may, as of late everybody has moved toward becoming utilization arranged. We need to purchase anything that is new and available and gets our advantage and we are falling prey to the alluring bundling and advertisements of an item. In this manner we purchase things that we have little requirement for which thus profits. Another example for this quotation is from book â€Å"the Great Gatsby† which was written by F.Scott Fitzgerald. In that book author mentioned what was the impact of money on Gatsby as he loves one girl a lot but unable to speak as she was very rich and wealthy. This states that money includes in each aspect of the live and it reflects in the person mannerism and voice. There are various instances where wealthy people think that because of money they can treat others as slaves and can do anything with them. Thus we can conclude that due to money person gets power to handle everything and others live. Another phase of money is that it can be a motivator which influences the activity of human from politics to geological exploration. The greed of the money makes the person evil, money is not evil. From various arguments I think that it’s not money that makes the world go round it’s us who created the money as monster and permitted it so that it can control and take over the lives of the person. Despite the fact that money has few significance in the lives as each part of the lives spins around the money, yet in the event that we attempted to be content with some we may not face those type of reliance. The assortment of the items that are confronted makes it exceptionally troublesome for us to get content with what they have. We people made money above our happiness and lives. Due to this money never completing pursuit made society very selfish. People used to forget that with money there are things which we cannot buy such as emotions, happiness, togetherness, sharing and many more. One of the Chinese proverbs explains it fantastically saying that money can buy a house but cannot make it a home. Money cannot buy good life, respect, and health, sleep and time knowledge. It can buy only the materialistic things but not the emotions or feelings. A person has lot of money in his/her bank amount but still be poor as he/she is not satisfied or not content in their lives. This notion can be supported by a small and sweet story in â€Å"A Christmas memory† by author Truman Capote. The story is based on a child who didn’t get anything on Christmas apart from kite and some worn outs and handed down but still that child is satisfied and enjoy the day with the kite. In the same book there was another example where a family was given lots of money to buy a new Christmas tree but they refused it as they attached with their old Christmas tree and have to celebrate the festival with that only. The above two examples reflects that the satisfaction and contentment are important and above money. People used to think that to become success we should have money whereas success is based on 8 factors: community, financial, spiritual, career, family, personal needs and health. Thus to become successful you have to get all the above 8 factors and not just financial stability. There are many cases where a wealthy person is not able to get good health and died and all his wealth are not sufficient to make him live. Thus, it can straightaway say that all the wealth is not sufficient to save the live and it will be left behind after the person. The only thing which will be remembered are the good deeds, good behavior and the words a person speaks. If you need us to modify or need references for this Essay, please reach out to us today.

Explore Blake’s Chimney Sweeper poems from the Songs of Innocence and the Songs of Experience Essay

In this essay I am going to explore Blake’s Chimney Sweeper poems from the Songs of Innocence and the Songs of Experience. During this essay I will cover Blake’s life and times and the way chimney sweepers get treated around that time and what Blake attempts to do about it. Blake was born on November 28 in the year 1757. His parents where strict but understanding. Blake’s parents realised early in his life that Blake was gifted. He had an extremely active imagination and he often got visions. At only four years old he claimed he had seen God in one of these visions. Another time when he was with one of his friends he envisaged angels filling a tree. He horridly told his family what he saw but the response he got from his father was quite negative. His father threatened to whip him because he believed it was time for him to grow up. However his mother took Blake’s side and when she asked him about it he stated that the angels took the form of his thoughts. This vision was stuck with him and was extremely influential in his life. Blake obviously had a gift for seeing things with his eyes and in his imagination. He used his artwork to express his experiences. When Blake turned ten years of age his parents decided to enrol him into a drawing school. Later on in his life Blake used his talent as an artist to become a apprentice engraver. Throughout Blake’s life he had a dislike for nasty, unfair people especially towards those that had power and money like those in the government, and those that where associated with the church. Blake also could not stand power abusers and bad unfair treatment towards the poor, young and elderly. In the time of William Blake chimney sweepers went through a torrid time, it was as if they where young slaves. The age of the infants varied between five years old to the age of eight or nine if they could be fit up the chimneys. They where often bought off parents for as little a à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2, in some cases however they may be purchased for à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5 but it is still a despicable price to pay for a young child. In the extreme cases the chimney sweepers where stole from family’s. When the sweeps had lost the use around the age of seven they get passed over to the church. Blake despised the serious health problems the sweeps got from this demanding life of threatening work. Most sweeps after only a short time of working in the chimneys end up with twisted kneecaps, ankles and even spines from crawling up the extremely cramped chimneys. There was even such a thing as â€Å"chimney sweeps cancer† which they got from the soot irritating there skin. Again we can see why Blake hates the idea of chimney sweepers and there treatment, they are forced to do inhumane things that even animals would never be told to do. The master sweeps imbedded fear into the young brains and subjected them to clean chimneys. They where made to live in the most inhabitable of conditions. They often slept on soot bags in dirty wet cellars. The sweeps where forced to clean the chimneys if they refused or could not fit up the chimneys they where punished by the fire being lit, slaps, prodding with poles and various other instruments and pricking of the bottoms of their feet. All this just so the master sweep can make an easy living from the poor misfortune of innocent children. Blake strongly disagreed with the treatment of the sweeps so much he wrote two beautiful poems about their treatment, these featured in two separate books, Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. The first chimney sweeper poem is from the Songs of Innocence, Blake shows a strong message through his poems, and they sometimes come across light hearted like nursery rhymes. But often, if not all the time they have a dark sinister meaning. This is the beginning of Chimney sweeper 1 and straight away Blake invites the reader to feel sympathy for the situation the family is in. It shows how poor the family is, it gets so bad the father has to sell his child to get some money to keep the rest of the family going. This reflects on the state of working class people of that time. â€Å"When my mother died I was very young, And my father sold me while yet my tongue.† The boy is sold so young that it has not even developed the ability to speak properly; in the poem he â€Å"Could scarcely cry â€Å"weep! weep! weep! weep!† The boy could be crying in this passage or he could be trying to say the word sweep but is unable because of his age. This is clever by Blake because the passage has a double meaning; this carries on throughout the poem. The effect of the first stanza is to bring the reader into perspective of what lengths of desperation the families go to, to earn a small amount of money. In the second stanza the audience is introduced to Tom Dacre, his hair is shaved off and Tom is very upset about this. Blake feels very strongly about the dehumanisation of people and shows this in his poems. Blake compares Tom to a lamb because a lamb is innocent like the chimney sweeps and is also a form of sacrificial animal so it is showing there inability to have there own personality and independence. â€Å"There’s little Tom Dacre, who cried when his head, That curl’d like a lamb’s back, was shav’d† The final part of this stanza represents the pureness of Tom Dacre. The soot represents the master sweeps trying to make him impure but the white hair represents how innocent Tom is. The effect of this stanza is to bring across the innocents of the sweeps to the audience. â€Å"Hush, Tom! Never mind it, for when your heads bare, You know the soot cannot spoil your white hair.† The third stanza is when Tom has a dream; in his dream he has visions of thousands of dead sweeps. The coffins of black represent a enclosed environment with dead sweeps covered in black soot. Blake involves the fact that thousands of chimney sweepers died to once again show the audience what really goes on. â€Å"That thousands of sweepers, Dick, Joe, Ned, & Jack, Were all of them lock’d up in coffins of black.† In Stanza four Tom Dacre is still in his dream and an Angel comes to set him free, this represents the chimney sweeps being liberated from their life of peril. â€Å"And by came an Angel who had a bright key, And he open’d the coffins & set them all free† Then Blake goes on in the conclusion of this stanza to contrast there life when they are trapped being made to go up chimneys, to being let to run free and be there own boss. It is everything they can not do when working as a chimney sweeper. Blake mentions that they wash in the river, this symbolises that they have left that dark past behind them and are moving on. This stanza has a light hearted mood and shows everything that the chimney sweepers can not have. In the fifth stanza Blake brings his feelings about the church through. The unfairness and manipulative abilities the church is shown in this stanza. â€Å"And the Angel told Tom, if he’d be a good boy, He’d have God for his father, & never want joy.† This means basically that if you do not sin you get to go to heaven. The angel represents the heartless church who manipulate through fear. This is what Blake is strongly against. In the final stanza of the first poem the boys go back to work after Tom wakes and have to work in poor conditions. â€Å"And so Tom awoke; and we rose in the dark, And got with our bags & our brushes to work.† In the end of the last stanza Blake makes it seems as if it has finished on a high note, however Blake doesn’t believe in this naive belief. â€Å"So if they do all their duty, they need not fear harm.† That was the first of the two chimney sweeper poems, throughout this poem Blake says one thing but if you look deeper into it, it has a much deeper sinister meaning. The second chimney sweeper poem is from the Songs of Experience this poem has a different angle that the first poem. Stanza one, The Chimney Sweeper 2 begins like this; â€Å"A little black thing among the snow, Crying â€Å"weep! ‘weep!† in notes of woe! â€Å"Where are thy father & mother? Say†Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"They are both gone up to church to pray.† Blake represents the chimney sweeper in the first part, calling it â€Å"A little black thing among the snow,† To Blake the â€Å"black† represents the sweep all dirty and tainted. And calling it a â€Å"thing† dehumanizes the sweep. Blake wrote, â€Å"A little black thing among the snow† because the chimney sweeper is tainting society which is the white snow. Blake uses the same words from The Chimney Sweeper 1, in this poem for the same effect, to show the young boy upset, confused. â€Å"Crying â€Å"weep! ‘weep!†Ã¢â‚¬  At this point in the poem the audience can not tell who is speaking. I believe it is the poor people; they are represented as chimney sweepers. The chimney sweeper is lost in society, represented by the snow. The government which is represented by the chimney sweeper’s parents is ignorant to reality. Blake has used the situation in the poem to express his feelings about politics of that time. â€Å"Because I was happy upon the heath. And smil’d among the winters snow, The boy in the second poem has had more experience chimney sweeping and has come to terms that there is nothing he can do about it. He puts on a brave face and gets on with it, when compared to Tom Dacre in Chimney Sweeper 1 he doesn’t have the naivety that Tom had. Once again I think Blake had another meaning that poor people represented as the chimney sweep are happy and they smile in society. â€Å"They cloth’d me in the clothes of death, And taught me to sing the notes of woe.† The parents of the chimney sweeper in this poem clothed there son and sentenced him to death when they decided to sell him to a master sweep. They made the boy cry when he had to leave and now he is alone and knows it. I think that Blake had another deeper meaning. I think the chimney sweeper represented poor people, they got clothed in the clothes of death by the chimney sweepers parents represented as the government. In the final stanza Blake goes on the attack at the church and the government he does this by provoking anger towards them through the unfairness of it all. â€Å"And because I am happy & dance and sing, They think they have done me no injury, In these lines Blake is how the chimney sweeper feels after his ordeal, putting on the front everything is ok when it is not. Going deeper into what Blake is trying to bring across is representation that the chimney sweep is the poor people again. The final two lines Blake attacks the church and the government, the chimney sweep is wise and is experienced and realises that the church and government exploit the poor so that they can make their own heaven out of the money from the society. And we gone to praise God & his Priest and King, Who make up a heaven of our misery†

On The Fringes Of Society Professor Ramos Blog

On The Fringes Of Society Jonathan Brugh, Taika Waititi, and Jemaine Clement in What We Do In The Shadows The often horrifyingly unnatural and bloody representations of vampires can hardly predict some of the more modern takes on vampirism. Whether it is actor Tom Hiddleston playing the ancient vampire Adam, who muses on his distaste for the advance of computer technology, or the vampire myth parodying roommates in the film â€Å"What We Do In The Shadows,† who argue over the fact that the roommate responsibilities have not changed in hundreds of years. The passage of time has opened up the possibilities for adaptations of the vampire myth, and while fear and anxiety certainly remain an aspect of the myth, more often today the vampire has come to represent those who live on the fringes of society. They are individuals who have become disenfranchised, whether by their fading interest in the direction of society, or sometimes by their own social ineptitude. The vampires of â€Å"What We Do In The Shadows† fall into the latter category of individuals who are simply not as socially relevant as they once were in the past. The film follows a group of vampire roommates in New Zealand who have been living together for hundreds of years. Each of the roommates represent a different mythological vampire concept. Vlad, played by Jemaine Clement, is a take on the legend of Vlad the Impaler; Deacon, played by Jonathan Brugh, is a parody of the â€Å"cool† and â€Å"sexy† vampire; Petyr, played by Ben Fransham, shares a striking resemblance to classic-film vampire Nosferatu; and Viago, played by Taika Waititi, is the naive and impressionable window by which the audience views this world. Through each of these characters the film is able to confront multiple aspects of the vampire myth and place them into our society, where they awkwardly try to find their place among us. Viago, played by Taika Waititi The roommates, each with unique personalities, defeat the idea of the modern vampire by the simple act of portraying them in a modern time and playing into that absurdity. During the events of the film it becomes clear that the vampires are grossly outnumbered in society by humans and, as such, the world is no place for them. When a botched â€Å"feeding† inadvertently leads to the creation of a new vampire, Nick, this becomes even clearer. Though Nick does his best to enjoy the life of being a vampire, he admits that he â€Å"misses daytime television.† Later in the film, the vampires attend a masquerade ball for the local monster population, which looks a lot less like the bombastic and sexy rave seen in 1998’s Blade, and more like a local church’s bake sale (â€Å"Blade Rave Bloodbath Scene†). Still, the vampires are not without their admirers. One such devotee, Jackie, performs banal tasks for the vampires under the promise that they will one da y turn her into a vampire (hopefully soon, she hopes, as she doesn’t want to be old for all eternity). This plays directly into Jeffrey Jerome Cohen’s â€Å"Seven Monster Theses,† in particular thesis six, which states that the fear of a monster is actually a kind of desire. He writes, â€Å"the monster also attracts †¦ we distrust and loathe the monster at the same time we envy its freedom† (Cohen). Eternal life is an attractive concept to many, although, as we will see in the next film, it is a double edged sword. The vampires in the film â€Å"Only Lovers Left Alive† similarly approach society, if on another spectrum. They aren’t feared, or even necessarily noticed, by the general public. Instead they live on the fringes of society, though slightly elevated above the rest of us. Adam, played by Tom Hiddleston, lives in a dilapidated house in a borough of Detroit where he fiddles with analog music equipment, unable to cope with the direction society is taking. His lover Eve, played by Tilda Swinton, finds it easier to live among us humans, another category of monster which they sourly refer to as â€Å"zombies.† When the movie starts, Eve is Tangier with her friend Christopher Marlowe, the real life Elizabethan author whose mysterious death in 1593 has spurned endless conspiracy theories. Eve heads to Detroit to be with her long time lover Adam who is becoming suicidal and has even gone as far as to have a friend find him a single bullet made from wood. Tilda Swinton as Eve, eating a blood popsicle â€Å"Only Lovers Left Alive† plays with the myths of the vampire and places them into a modern perspective. The ages of Adam and Eve are ambiguously ancient, with each of them at various points in the film referring to moments in history for which they were personally present. Eve chastises Adam for who he has chosen for company in the past, specifically the romantic era poet Lord Byron, â€Å"among other assholes,† she says. Vampires, after all, have the burden of eternal life, but rarely does an audience get to see a less melodramatic portrayal of the curse. The vampires in the film are not drowning in sorrow over the commonly used trope of having seen â€Å"all of their friends and lovers pass before their eyes;† instead they are weighed down by overwhelming knowledge and the frustration of seeing us â€Å"zombies† slowly destroy the world. These vampires truly dwell at the gates of difference, one of Jeffrey Cohen’s seven monster theses. Adam a nd Eve, by having experienced the course of history before their eyes, have a much broader understanding of humanity than any person alive and as a result have come to loathe it. This perspective shatters the human perspective of society and the futile attempts within it to categorize history and justify behavior, and, as Cohen explains, it reveals that our rules are â€Å"arbitrary and potentially free-floating, mutable rather than essential† (Cohen). They are a threat to our society as we have come to know it. Adam and Eve The vampires in â€Å"Only Lovers Left Alive,† as well as the vampires in â€Å"What We Do In The Shadows† contribute some very essential pieces to the vampire mythos by imagining their place in modern society, not as the comically terrifying and villainous monsters of past, but as individuals on the fringes of society coping with their differences and their desires. The parodistic assault on vampire myth provided by the New Zealand vampire roommates allows us retrospect on the often silly tropes of vampirism while still offering a sincere take on modern vampires. Adam and Eve, the decidedly uncomic vampire pair, offer us a real perspective of the eternal life of a vampire. They are never frightening monsters on the prowl for blood, instead they are mostly just bored. In A.O. Scott’s New York Times review of â€Å"Only Lovers Left Alive† he is quick to criticize the â€Å"generational protest† put on by Adam and Eve as being â€Å"musty† and â€Å"conservative,† ignoring that these are the symptoms to eternal life. After all, one can only attend so many blood raves over their thousand year lifespan before it gets boring and they begin to dig a little deeper into society, art, and culture. For me, the vampires in these two films are absolutely essential to the future of the vampire myth, contained within highly competent and artful filmmaking, which are easily are among the better films of the last decade. I award each film three and a half stars out of four. â€Å"Blade Rave Bloodbath Scene.† YouTube, uploaded by Monsters and Critics, 2 July 2016, https:// youtube.com/watch?v=l_VT8c31vRo. Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. â€Å"Monster Culture (Seven Theses). Only Lovers Left Alive. Directed by Jim Jarmusch, performances by Tom Hiddleston, and Tilda Swinton, Recorded Picture Company, 2013. Scott, A. O. â€Å"Art and Style Are Their Lifeblood.† The New York Times, The New York Times, 10 Apr. 2014, nytimes.com/2014/04/11/movies/only-lovers-left-alive-jarmuschs-vampire-malaise.html. What We Do In The Shadows. Directed by Taika Waititi performances by Jemaine Clement, Taika Waititi, and Jonathan Brugh, New Zealand Film Commission, 2014.

Definition and Examples of Metadiscourse

Definition and Examples of Metadiscourse Metadiscourse is an umbrella term for words used by a writer or speaker to mark the direction and purpose of a text. Adjective:  metadiscursive. Derived from the Greek words for beyond and discourse, metadiscourse can be  broadly defined as discourse about discourse, or as  those aspects of texts  that affect the relations of authors to readers (Avon Chrismore, Talking With Readers, 1989). In Style:  The Basics of Clarity and Grace (2003), Joseph  M. Williams notes that in academic writing, metadiscourse appears most often in introductions, where we announce intentions: I claim that . . ., I shall show . . ., We begin by . . . and again at the end, when we summarize: I have argued . . ., I have shown . . ., We have claimed . . .. Explanations of Metadiscourse Some of our most common and useful metadiscourse signals are the conjunctive adverbs . . .: however, so, nevertheless, and prepositional phrases such as in other words, in addition, and in fact. Other text connectors youre familiar with, such as first, in the first place, second, next, finally, and in conclusion, clearly add to the ease of reading, the flow of the text.(Martha Kolln, Rhetorical Grammar: Grammatical Choices, Rhetorical Effects. Pearson, 2007)Metadiscourse reveals the writers awareness of the reader and his or her need for elaboration, clarification, guidance and interaction. In expressing an awareness of the text, the writer also makes the reader aware of it, and this only happens when he or she has a clear, reader-oriented reason for doing so. In other words, drawing attention to the text represents a writers goals relative to an assessment of the readers need for guidance and elaboration.(Ken Hyland, Metadiscourse: Exploring Interaction in Writing. Continuum, 2005) Writers and Readers Metadiscourse refers to the writers thinking and writing: We will explain, show, argue, claim, deny, suggest, contrast, summarize . . .the writers degree of certainty: it seems, perhaps, undoubtedly, I think . . .   (We call these hedges and intensifiers.)the readers actions: consider now, as you might recall, look at the next example ...the writing itself and logical connections among its parts: first, second, third; to begin, finally; therefore, however, consequently...   (Joseph  M. Williams,  Style:  The Basics of Clarity and Grace. Longman, 2003) Metadiscourse as Commentary Every student who has silently suffered a course of lectures, surreptitiously watching the clock, . . . knows what metadiscourse is, although the word may be quite unfamiliar. Metadiscourse is Last week and Now I propose to turn to and What are we to understand by this? and If I may put it metaphorically, all the way through to And so to conclude... followed by Finally... and Next week we shall go on to examine ...[M]etadiscourse is a kind of commentary, made in the course of speaking or writing. The essential feature of this commentary is that it is not appended to the text, like a footnote or a postscript, but is incorporated with it, in the form of words and phrases fitted into the unfolding message...Now many of the words and phrases we characterize, in their context, as metadiscourse quite obviously function as marks of text structure, or taxis, while as many again seem to occur as explanatory or corrective comments on diction and style, that is, lexis.(Walter Nash, An Uncommon Tongue: The Uses and Resources of English. Taylor Francis, 1992) Metadiscourse as a Rhetorical Strategy Definitions of metadiscourse that rely upon a clear-cut distinction between discourse (content) and metadiscourse (non-content) are ... shaky. Especially when analysing naturally-occurring speech, it cannot be assumed that all forms of communication about communication can be adequately separated from communication itself...Instead of defining metadiscourse as a level or plane of language, or a distinct unit separate from primary discourse, metadiscourse can be conceptualised as a rhetorical strategy used by speakers and authors to talk about their own talk (Chrismore 1989: 86). This is essentially a functional/discourse-oriented as opposed to a formally-oriented view.​(Tamsin Sanderson, Corpus, Culture, Discourse. Narr Dr. Gunter, 2008)

Rhetorical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Rhetorical analysis - Essay Example The dealer has ample amount of knowledge and information regarding different cars that are being sold by the company. The context in which this article was created is to inform the people of Tucson about the dealer of Porsche in the region of Tucson and the aim of the dealer within the context is to increase their sales. The aim of informing as well as persuading consumers to purchase one of the cars being offered by the dealer has been quite effectively attained by exhibiting his/her creditability, by tapping into the customer’s emotions of desire to live a luxurious life and their desire to experience freedom and the author has even used logical reasoning such as reviews from the customers. The authors of the website of Porsche of Tucson have quite effectively utilized the persuasion technique of ethical appeal in order to attract and persuade the customers to buy one of the cars being sold on the website. The author of the website has tremendous amount of credibility as the author of the website is the dealer working for the company of Porsche. The dealer is well informed about different models of cars being sold on the website and the benefits and drawbacks associated with these cars. They obtain this information directly from the company and therefore are credible enough in the eyes of the audience for providing them with the information that is published on the website. Other than ethos, the author has quite effectively used the persuasion technique of emotional appeals or pathos to persuade customers into purchasing the offerings of Porsche of Tucson. The author of the website has appealed to various emotions of the consumers in order to persuade the audience. They have tapped into the emotional feeling of satisfaction and happiness in order to attract the audience and mote them to purchase one of the cars. For example: the author has stated that by purchasing one of the

Sab 334 unit 8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sab 334 unit 8 - Essay Example Without doubt, women sports will become a core agenda in the sports fraternity contrary to the present preoccupation where men dominate the field. Title IX was a great milestone in ensuring a proper representation of all sexes in the activities that receive federal funding. As a portion of the Educational Amendments of 1972, the provision totally bans the exclusion of anybody from participation of any program that receives federal aid (Suggs, 2005). The success of this enactment in achieving gender parity has indeed been realised in several sectors of life in the United States. However, most people are not normally aware of the limits of this act and in most cases its execution is normally hampered by the lack of information. The challenge in the implementation of Title IX came with the general feeling that it was seen to compromise the quality of certain sports like athletics where male dominance was seen as a core revenue earner for the United States. On that regard, several amendments were proposed to exclude certain sports from the general coverage of this enactment in order to ensure male dominance in these areas. Whichever the case, challenges normally emerge in this implementation as the provision affected the sports teams’ representation in most colleges across the country. The implementation of the enactment was further limited by the initial feeling that most school programs were not affected. However, Title IX covers all educational institutions and therefore requires that all college teams and their gender representation to be made open in order to determine the aspects of gender representation. Rampant sex discrimination dominated most fields like math and science education and in sports activities. In that respect, Title IX applies to all schools that receive federal funding. All the activities in such schools like sports are also included in this enactment even though they do not receive

Single Civilization Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Single Civilization - Research Paper Example Siege was his troupes’ basic tactic of war. Akaddian armies used weapons that helped them accomplish their goal of building a powerful dynasty. Sargon was keen to empower his empire to a point where no one of his1 enemies would beat him economically, politically and most importantly in war. His focus was to use warfare as his instrument of conquest. He took the time to study prevalent weaponry of the time and noted an interesting aspect about it. Heavy weaponry curtailed the flexible mobility of the armies during the war. This became a focal issue in his endeavor to overcome his foes.1 Sargon decided to embark on how to come up with alternative armament that would give his armies an advantage over their opponents. Akkadian armies went to war with the armies of Sumer in around 2334B.C. After the war, Sargon came up with what he thought was the best weapon to use with his troupes. He made bows and trained his armies on their use. Sargon was inspired by his observation of the heavy weight of the armor of the Sumerian armies. They wore copper or bronze helmets and carried shields. Their maneuverability in war was quite difficult despite their military tactics. Arming his troupes with bows and ensuring they did not wear heavy armor, Sargon gained quite an advantage over the Sumerians.2 Bows allowed the Akkadian troupes to maneuver with flexibility adding to the fact that they did not wear copper armor that would weigh them down. The use of bows also made it possible to counter or attack their 2enemies from a distance. Their efficient mobility permitted swift siege and quick victory. The bowmen were able to reduce the strength of the Sumerian shield troupes and breakthrough their foot soldiers while still at a distance. This also meant that Akaddian Bowman could suppress several Sumerian soldiers while keeping his ground. The bow had a technical advantage that other weapons

Explore The Background To Change Affecting Pizza Hut Business Essay

Explore The Background To Change Affecting Pizza Hut Business Essay Pizza Hut is one of the flagship brands of Yum! Restaurant Int. which also has subsidiary businesses and famous brands like KFC, Taco Bell, AW and Long John Silvers under one brand umbrella. It is the worlds largest pizza chain more than 13,000 restaurants across 97 countries. Pizza Hut increases his operations in last five years. In India,  Pizza Hut has  143 restaurants across 34 cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Banglore, Chennai, Kolkata, Pune and Hyderabad. Great taste and quality, variety of pizzas and trademark dining experience have made it possible for the company to for double-digit growth and scale up its presence to its current size. With a 27 per cent market share of the eating-out market and over 70,000 footfalls per day across the country Pizza Hut started its business from India in 1996, and opened its first restaurant in Bangalore. Pizza Hut maintained significant growth and acquires a maximum share of pizza market and sustained growth rate of above 40 per cent per annum. Pizza Hut operates through 95 outlets across 24 cities in India which gave employment nearly 5000 people by the end of 2009. Pizza Hut invested about US$ 35 million in India so far through YUM! Corporate franchisee Brands Inc is the owner of worldwide chain of pizza outlets listed in Fortune 300 Company .Since 2008 it generated more than $36 million through sales. http://www.pizzahut.co.in/dinein/aboutpizzahut.php Task 1 Outcome: Explore the background to change affecting the organization Change can be implemented through various models such : Kotters eight step change model ADKAR Model Business process re-engineering Kotters eight step change model 1. Increase urgency inspire people to move guide and group them to make objectives real and relevant. 2. Build the guiding team Make the groups with the right people in right place with their appropriate skills and levels. 3. Get the vision right Arrange and make the team to establish a vision and strategy focus on creative aspects which is necessary to drive service and efficiency. 4. Communicate for buy-in Involve as many people possible for improve the work, exchange of information and communication between the essentials and give response if any needs from people. 5. Empower actions Processing to Remove obstacles, make promotive feedback and support from leaders and top management for reward and identify progress and achievements. 6. Create short-term wins Set objectives and aim which are easy to obtain in big size substantial work. Manageable numbers of initiatives. Finish current working functions and stages before starting new objective function. 7. Dont let up Promote the growth of the institution and relating work and encourage determination of ongoing change support and encourage ongoing progress which reports highlight obtained and big significant prospective work. 8. Make change stick Recruitment promotion and change of leaders which enforces the value of success. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/237685/[emailprotected]_pg4.html?cat=3 ADKAR MODEL Change often brings high levels of stress and disturbance to people.ADKAR change method in the corporate world often eliminates many of the negative and harmful effects associated with new procedures. 1. Awareness. Gives benefits to all levels of staff and aware them about need of changes to the organization, changes for the sake of seldom is useful. Change is to apply for improvement of the business operation which helps to be competitive in market. This is very necessary for success. 2. Desire.  It is necessity that management responsible to encourage the desire of their employees to support and be active by participating in the prospective change in organization. 3. Knowledge. It is managements responsibility to provide the training and education to its employee change methods of the new procedures, and software. Sometime it is useless to do work in change environment without sufficient knowledge about the goals desired by organization. 4. Ability.  After getting a desired knowledge employee is involved needs to be given the training to achieve and set to new change to be made which affects successful for organization. 5. Reinforcement:- According to study it has proven that any person who perform and repeat the task continuously for 21 days, it will become a habit of that person whether it is good or bad for him. Reinforcing new habits of the employees improve the success of the change made. http://www.kellyservices.com/eprise/main/web/us/hr_manager/articles_aug08_akdarmodel Business Process reengineering Business process reengineering is a radical thinking of organizational process; this is a very fundamental consideration. This a fundamental and prime steps undertaken to enterprise resource planning implememtation.basically BPR analyses and suggests the structural changes to be made for organization. This identify very important because it helps organization should be customized and design itself to become ERP friendly. If organization is unable to stands with the external changes then the best way to manage is adopt the changes according to environment and apply the changes in it. Study has been proven that if any changes are imposed in organization then sudden changes are not all time works in proper way because the improper method applied to it. It need plan to apply it; this can be avoided by the use of BPR in practically. Davenport (1992) prescribes five approaches to BPR model which are follows: 1) Develop business vision and process objectives 2) Identify business process to be resigned 3) Understand and measure the existing processes 4) Identify Information Technology levers. 5) Design and build a prototype of the new processes (valuebased management, 2008) Pizza Hut has recently undergone a huge change to enhance the business and to give better service for customer; this is due to demand from the customers and improvement suggestion. According to responses Pizza Hut made some changes in their services some of them listed below. Franchise system: System adopted for store forcast, monitor performance, worker uses and food ordering and inventory management of business. One specific reason behind adopting this to apply technology and service better through management information system. Now these systems are supported by a skilled internal team to make sure customers get the best use from them. (A pizzahut fanchise, 2008) http://www.pizzahutfranchise.co.uk/html/technology.html. Leadership Style: In running business with standard models and ideology of leadership there was something missing about the importance of human beliefs they need some changes and they made it in practical life importance of the human heart in driving a companys human drive and path of success to inspirational motivation in change management situations. Real time performance reporting Development in technology which can monitor the progress of business anytime, anywhere via remote log-in functionality. Online recruitment system for the applicants and team members only who meet the minimum success criteria added to shortlist. Online training for managers and team members. Digital marketing including online and mobile handsets. http://www.pizzahutfranchise.co.uk/html/technology.html First of all let us understand the meaning of strategic intervention:-It is a technique of influencing element that is used to modify the existing elements of business process there are three standard strategic intervention methods namely. HR intervention Strategic leadership Team building HR intervention: There are different issues and procedures needed to run business organization and being success to achieve their goals. Human Resources comply with these procedures very well.they prepares organization guide for the managers, performance management, succession planning systems, and several other works for the betterment of organization. So HR intervention is always necessary, it stays the organization up to date with legal compliance. Strategic leadership: Strategic leadership involves managing through others, managing entire enterprise, making changes according to requirement. Managing human capital is very critical skills of strategic leader. Commercial innovation, and manage the knowledge is also major functional activity of the leader. Its very important to obtained a good strategic leadership for success of an organization. http://asso.nordnet.fr/adreg/Hitt%20et%20al%20strategic%20leadership.pdf Team Building: A team building can be defined as a group of people who collectively work towards a pre-defined goal utilizing experience and knowledge in an office helps to nourishes better and open communication between the employees themselves, it also makes fosters to develop the relation between employees and the higher management. It goes a long way in improving professional relation. Team building in the workplace significantly contributes towards  employee motivation  and building trust among the employees, thereby ensuring better productivity. http://www.buzzle.com/articles/team-building-in-the-workplace.html Human Resources intervention techniques I would recommend in introducing ` change: Since last five year we have seen drastic changes in other departments of Pizza Hut. Whatever the changes made it is working very well. Changes they adopt technology, leadership style and franchise system going well. This is internal part of the business which is basic and playing important role in upgrading the function of business. On the other side of business and decision making there would another change to be happening in Pizza Hut. Human Resources is major body of an organization i.e. Pizza Hut. HR is also responsible for other operations of business issues like training programmers, individual growth of employee. Career make progression path drive the culture of Pizza Hut. Finance and accounting is vital for Pizza Hut. But i personally think that they are giving much importance to their function because lack of decision making process, delaying in improper assessment of payment of employees, so there would be need for the change in the same. More than 13,000 thousand employees are working on weekly payroll system and 2000 are working on monthly basis, in present company is using bureau system. it need change to innovative technology for accessing the payment system. The functionality and flexibility of the new system would make simple and help for further improve the HR and payroll services which provide for all restaurant teams. After all Salaries is simply a payment for the supply of services to the company. Wouldnt HR be better off focusing on Employee Development and other training programmes, rather than dealing with errors in the payroll. Task 2: Outcome:- Understand Issues relating to strategic change in the organization a) Following some generic background relating to strategic change has been introduced in Pizza Hut which shown good improvement in companys progress. Here I also elaborate some functional areas which have changed it drastically. 1) Customer expectation: Fast food industry is growing day by day, and new varieties of food are coming in market. so the customers expectation are growing more and something different from other food companies. Food market is going global means international food tastes are available in many restaurants. So the variety of taste demands more from consumers. There is need to fulfill the customers expectation about the change. 2) Competitive edge: In global market there is always a competition among the food companies. Pizza hut also facing a tough competition. Dominos pizza is a major competitive player of pizza hut holds approximately 20% of market as compared to pizza hut is 46%.remaining market share is hold by small companies nearly about 32%. So planning and strategy is important to be competitive in market by making some different kind of variety pizzas, pastas etc. 3) New technologies: Sometimes only advertising is not the only way to sell the product, technology will definitely play important role. For pizza hut upgrading technology, advertisement through social networking websites, Online advertising, mobile marketing, sponsorships, tie up with local but popular brands, etc are technological ways to get marketed. Online advertising, mobile marketing, sponsorships, tie up with local but popular brands etc. need for change for better result. 4) Economic changes in market Every year there is a fixed budget to run the business including the extra money is given to them for flexible financial operation. But external environment are not remains constant, like economic policy of government, prices of commodities, increase in tax etc.it impacts the financial policy of business, pizza hut is direct customer oriented business so if the external forces or environment changes it directly effect on business so they need to change at that time. Drivers that motivated Pizza Hut to above consider Change as follows: Technological Advances Loss of markets Economics Technological Advances: To attract customers and to give him better and fast service it is necessary to adopt of technological changes, so it could help them to be competitive in global market. if we consider pizza hut there is good scope to introduce Online ordering system, discount E-coupons, Happy hours schemes etc.result of this new technology adoption pizza hut could get good response from customers, these technological advances will give satisfaction of good service to customers, instant service. Loss of markets In competitive market the business progress is reflect by their market share data. Loss and gain of market share is depends upon quality and service given to customers, so it is a very critical to obtain a market share and keep it progressive. Pizza hut is a competitive with dominos pizza, compare between them is at present pizza hut is holding approximately 46% and dominos 20%.this means dominos losses their market compare to pizza hut. So in business, market share is plays important role for prospective growth of business. Economics Every business organization having its own economic policy to run business in market. business economics is diversified towards market means external forces always impact internal structure of the economic policy of individual organization. Financial status, liquidity of funds etc are related to finance matters of company, demand and supply are integral part which depends upon the requirement from the external market, external forces such as economic downturns,policy,inflation and deflation in market, interest rate, are directly affect economy of business. If Pizza hut is doing their business so above economical factors effect on pricing of product increases in pizza prices due to cheese price increased. So above three are main drivers of change in business organization. 2.b) The main resources that pizza Hut needed for the implication are as follows: 1) The HR department: It has a desirable reputation and is a fully integrated part of the organization, playing a key role in most business decisions. HR supports the restaurants and the Restaurant supply chain where it is really needed. Pizza Hut made good improvement in human resource so ensure that 70% of all vacant positions are filled internally. Pizza hut also arrange annual achievement award programmes to employees who achieved special in current year. Fast-moving, sociable atmosphere keep by company to work friendly in workplace. If HR failed to respond to need for strategic change then it could be going difficult to handle the training programmes, supply change management system, decision making.so to give a better prospective to company then HR should not be failed work. 2) Information technology: Pizza hut shown its changes in IT department since 5 years. IT department doesnt just cover the RSC but its responsible for all the systems across more than 680 Restaurants. Company upgrade IT services which are looking at the process of bank reconciliations, maintaining infrastructure. IT reduces the work pressure and give more accurate service, so in pizza hut for customer satisfaction it plays very critical role because ordering the menus, online order coupon etc.are targeted online customers. If IT failed then it will directly impact on turnover of business. so IT must work regularly and perfectly. As a department were very dynamic and forward-thinking, driving change from the inside of the organization out. Whats more youll benefit from the long-term job security of working for a big global brand and enjoy a favorable work/life balance, without compromising on the sort of technical challenges that keep the job interesting. Task 3 Outcome: Develop systems for understanding and involving others in the process of change a) Key stakeholders Tricon global restaurants: TGR is a famous largest restaurants company with brand name Yum! based in Louisville, KY having restaurants with more than 36,000 restaurants in over 110 countries and territories and more than 1 million associates. Yum! Is got his position numbered #216 on the Fortune 500 List, with nearly $10 billion in revenue in 2009. Four of TGR restaurant brands   KFC,  Pizza Hut,  Taco Bell   these are the global player of the chicken, pizza, Mexican-style food and quick-service seafood categories. http://www.yum.com/company/ourbrands.asp Suppliers: Suppliers to pizza hut for the products like toppings, cheese,chicken will help to make the product more successful and give assurance that the product will not make a loss to company. Suppliers are always belief on pizza hut for making a good relationship between them. They is interdependent to each other. They have bound to give good business to each other in any circumstances. So supplier is also major stakeholder of pizza hut. Customer and public: Customers and the public the final major stakeholder of pizza hut because will be the ones that will buy and consume the product, every company design their product keep in mind to customers only. Not all stakeholders want the same thing. So besides industrial stakeholders or any other business organizational stakeholders are indirectly dependent upon consumers and customers. Proposed system to involve stakeholders in the process of change By taking a thread of above discussion about the stakeholders in Pizza Hut, like business organization, suppliers, customer and public. We are going to make a proposed system or any model to describe the involvement of above in the change of an organization. We have discussed Tricon Global Restaurants, suppliers, and customers as a public. So Pizza hut need to be any change in future for making any business strategy, company should consider above participants for decision making process. To expand or to make objective of company pizza hut to discuss all the ideas and matters regarding to funds within the corporate context to its business enterprise stakeholder i.e. TGR because this company invested a major money and gives financial support to pizza hut. So the concern about TGR is must for pizza hut. Secondly suppliers who give his best service by supplying cheese, pizza bases, toppings, paperroni etc. to make product like pizza and other variety products. Customers and public without it would not be possible to achieve success for any company because they are the final destination where any product gets consumed from the market. So public are crucial part of the business organizational change. Now we can interrelate the above categories in following manner Tricon: Financial support to pizza hut. Suppliers:-Immediate supply of cheese, cheesebase, supply on demand. Cutomers and public:-final destination of consumption. b) By considering the above factors which are involves in system change management also have some advantage and disadvantages described below. Advantages: 1) If Stakeholders is a business organization then good advantage is fund flow from such a stakeholders is always good on the other side they also have investor of another companies which will beneficial to make their business grow in market and wider range of objectives. 2) If the stakeholder is major stakeholder in company then his company personally incorporates in financial matters of investing company for getting better business in market. Disadvantages: 1) We know that supplier is a playing a key function in business but he is not only one to whom company liable to tie up for business. Pizza hut cant concentrate his function on suppliers to give specific business from him. and totally depend on demand from the external environment. 2) Pizza Hut business is running only upon consumers. Where they always have their likes and dislikes. taste and variety of foods, different menus, and special deal on menus are the main attraction of customers.if the pizza hut is able to give good service then it directly affects the profit of the business. 3.c) Change management strategy with the key stakeholders 1) Identify stakeholders: Stakeholders can be identify by making survey and ability of stakeholders to take stake in relative company, think of all the people who are affected by stakeholders work, who have influence and power over it. 2) Prioritize stakeholders: our company has a long list of people and organizations who affected by our companies work. May be some of them having a power to block or advance.and another one is they are interesting in our companies work. 3) Mapping profiles of stakeholders: Pizza Hut can map the profile of stakeholders in four categories: High power, interested people: these people our company must fully engage and make the good efforts to satisfy. High power, less interested people: Limit the work with these people to make them satisfied but not beyond their capacity. Low power, interested people: keep communicate with these people adequately and talk to them to ensure that no major issues are arising. These people are always be helpful and concerns about project work of investing company. Low power, less interested people: keep monitor these people but not exceed communication about certain limits. http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newPPM_07.htm ( Mind Tools Ltd, 1996-2011) d) Strategy for managing resistance to change is discussed as follows. 1) Open communication :- Pizza hut undergone changes in last five years, company needs more changes to be done in nearest future I would be started with open communication with employees ,workers, and other participants of business .first I would like to tell them why we need the changes? Then which change particularly they need and what are benefits for all peoples relating to it. Open communication always plays crucial role because with this we can exchange the information of both the sides and understand the opinions. so it is very good medium to managing resistance to change. 2) Involvement: I would like to discuss about the role of employees and worker in Change in pizza hut would also change their role and gives more responsibility and will increases the opportunities on achievement, also to give specification on involvement in decision making process that could motivate employees. 3) Feedback:- Getting feedback from the employees,subodianates is always important because it helps to understand their views and opinion about change happened in organization.So it would be a better way to managing resistance in change in organization. Task 4 a) I here chose McKinseys 7S model for implementing change of Pizza Hut: 1) Strategy:- Pizza hut strictly follows norms to attain the quality product for best operational strategy to attain the customer satisfaction namely C.H.A.M.P.S a) Cleaningness: Of all restaurants to give quality foods and serve better to customers. b) Hospitality: Good way of communication, respect and entertain customers. c) Accuracy: Serving food in time with accuracy and maintaining quality of taste. d) Maintenance: Handling of staff, relationship with customer, and servicing of equipments. e) Speed:- delivering food in time 2) Structure:- Consider an individual outlet as a business organization pizza hut design their management structure like support manager who manages the shift of working team member, deputy designed manager handling training of new recruits, deputy manager works for operational departs like profit and target business, restaurant general manager looks for the functioning of all finanve,orders,quality.etc 3) System:- The great thing about pizza hut is ,it is a business of franchises system, Delivery system is a major function of business and almost 20% of orders done by delivery mode.frinchises and head office staff work are closely together to achieve their objects. http://www.whatfranchisemagazine.co.uk/franchise-finder/franchisor/pizza-hut/food-HYPERLINK http://www.whatfranchisemagazine.co.uk/franchise-finder/franchisor/pizza-hut/food--catering/HYPERLINK http://www.whatfranchisemagazine.co.uk/franchise-finder/franchisor/pizza-hut/food--catering/-catering/ 2010 What Franchise Magazine 4) Shared values:- Pizza hut have a special quality of organizational life. Cultures determine much of every transaction happens which is centralize across an organization. While managers are aware of their cultures, they are often unsure about how to influence.emlpoyees and each participants in pizza hut business respects the beliefs and principles of pizza hut. 5) Skills:- Pizza hut is always respecting the skilled employees, something innovative and different ideas are always welcome in pizza hut, new recruiters also get training to ensure and to put up their skills from knowledge to practicle life. 6) Style: Every menu of pizza hut has its unique style; they always try to make something different from other competitors recipe. Unique approach to customers attract with diff.styles adopt by pizza hut. 7)Staff: Pizza hut staff members always like to greet and serve the customers and preparing great food behind the scenes, team members are friendly, outgoing and eager to please. They are passionate and enthusiasms tic, they have ability to handle fast paced working environment. b) How would you implement one or more model(s) in your chosen organization, what improvements do you expect to achieve by implementing your chosen model(s), and how would you measure these? (AC: 4.2, 4.3) 4. b) Change Implementation Plan with Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR): Business process reengineering is a radical thinking of organizational process; this is a very fundamental consideration. BPR analyses and suggests the structural changes to be made for organization. Implementation of BPR in pizza hut explained below: Davenport (1992) prescribes five approaches to BPR model which are follows: 1) Develop business vision and process objectives: A vision of the Pizza hut after the change takes place; the school which provides high quality education with new technology and supports updated curriculum that helps to increase the ratio of university entrance exam success Pizza hut holding a great share in US and European market rest of these they want to dominant in china brands with profitable expansion. They have good plan to be the best at providing branded restaurant choice with multibranding. 2) Identify business process to be resigned Day by day competition being so strong in food servicing industry. There will be a threat of imitation products which will surely be a problem to be dealt with. So in future if other imitated products come in market then pizza hut will have to adjust or to find out variety of product to accommodate change in market. 3) Understand and measure the existing processes If we consider the promotions and marketing of pizza hut they may have to be bigger and better than the competition of nowadays, if think about product development the product may need to be altered to give it that little bit of competitive edge. Forexample stuffing the crust with cheese or giving a free topping with the purchase would help give Pizza Hut an edge over the competition. 4) Identify Information Technology levers. See pizza hut using IT since many years and changes has been made according to requirement. in the IT business context the online ordering system will going to be very competive,so that we need to be adopt more technological appliances and advanced technology in prospective years. 5) Design and build a prototype of the new processes If we basically think about the business process it will need flexibility in operation and product life cycle stages to be a market leader. It will need a great marketing plan which will be suited in new product segment .Promotion and advertising will be using for marketing so it will make target a very profitable. Reference Internet References. 1) (A pizza Hut company, 2010) http://www.pizzahut.co.in/dinein/aboutpizzahut.php 2) (A pizzahut fanchise, 2008) http://www.pizzahutfranchise.co.uk/html/technology.html. 3) (A Associated Content , 2011) http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/237685/[emailprotected]_pg4.html?cat=3 4) (A kelly services incorporation, 2011) http://www.kellyservices.com/eprise/main/web/us/hr_manager/articles_aug08_akdarmodel 5) (Strartgic leadership) http://asso.nordnet.fr/adreg/Hitt%20et%20al%20strategic%20leadership.pdf 6) (A Buzzle.com, 2010,2011) http://www.buzzle.com/articles/team-building-in-the-workplace.html 7) (A Yum corporation , 2009) http://www.yum.com/company/ourbrands.asp 8) ( Mind Tools Ltd, 1996-2011) http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newPPM_07.htm 9) (magazine, 2010) http://www.whatfranchisemagazine.co.uk/franchise-finder/franchisor/pizza-hut/food-HYPERLINK http://www.whatfranchisemagazine.co.uk/franchise-finder/franchisor/pizza-hut/food--catering/HYPERLINK http://www.whatfranchisemagazine.co.uk/franchise-finder/franchisor/pizza-hut/food--catering/-catering/